TCP IP Data Encapsulation

TCP IP Data Encapsulation

Data Encapsulation is a process in which, some additional information (such as header or tailor) is added in to the data while travelling from one host to another host over the network through the OSI layer.

It is about creating and wrapping user’s data with the control information layer by layer. 

To communicate information, each layer uses Protocol Data Units (PDUs) that holds the control information attached to the data at each layer of the model.

The data encapsulation works at transmitting host like;

• User information is converted in to data for transmission on the network.
• Data is converted to segments and a reliable connection is made.
• Segments are converted to TCP packet or UDP datagrams. A logical address is added at header.
• Then the converted segment are sent to network layer where they are converted to frames for transmission on the local network.
• Frames are converted to bits then and sent to receiver address.

De-encapsulation

This is the reverse of encapsulation process. The additional information is removed at receiver end from physical layer to application layer. The physical layer receives the bits data, de-encapsulates them in to frames and then sends them to upper layer.

The benefits of encapsulation

The prime benefit of encapsulation is security in transmission. Further it enhances maintenance, increases usability. 

-DR